{"id":11116,"date":"2014-09-20T09:09:00","date_gmt":"2014-09-20T09:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/codexcalixtinus.es\/que-sabes-del-apostol-santiago\/"},"modified":"2018-11-13T10:25:42","modified_gmt":"2018-11-13T10:25:42","slug":"que-sabes-del-apostol-santiago","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/facsimil.club\/en\/que-sabes-del-apostol-santiago\/","title":{"rendered":"What do you know about the Apostle James?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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We've all heard that the Apostle James is the patron saint of Spain, but do we really know who this historical figure was? In this post, we aim to introduce you to the apostle in a simple and straightforward way. Son of Zebedee and, according to some researchers, Salome. Brother of the Apostle John, he was one of the first to receive the call of Jesus Christ while fishing with his brother. Witness to the resurrection of Jairus's daughter. According to a medieval tradition, after Pentecost (around 33 AD), when the apostles were sent out to preach, James crossed the Mediterranean Sea and landed to preach the Gospel in Hispania (present-day Spain and Portugal). According to some accounts, his preaching began in Gallaecia, which he reached after passing the Pillars of Hercules, skirting Baetica and the uninhabited coast of Portugal; Other traditions affirm his arrival in Tarraco and his journey through the Ebro Valley, until he joined the Roman road that ran along the foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains and ended in present-day A Coru\u00f1a. A third version posits his arrival in Carthago Nova (present-day Cartagena, through the Santa Luc\u00eda neighborhood), from where he would have set out north. This tradition makes Saint James the patron saint of Spain. In any case, the tradition of evangelization by the Apostle James indicates that he made some disciples, and seven of them continued the evangelizing work once James returned to Jerusalem. To do so, they went to Rome and were ordained bishops by Saint Peter. They are the seven Apostolic Men. The tradition of the Apostolic Men places them with James in Zaragoza when the Virgin Mary appeared on a pillar. According to Christian tradition, around the year 40, the Virgin Mary appeared to James the Greater in Caesaraugusta (Zaragoza). Mary arrived in Zaragoza "in mortal flesh"\u2014long before her Assumption\u2014and as a testament to her visit, she is said to have left a jasper column popularly known as "El Pilar" (The Pillar). It is recounted that Saint James and the first seven converts of the city built a primitive adobe chapel on the banks of the Ebro River. This account is recorded in a 1297 manuscript of Gregory the Great's Moralia, sive Expositio in Job, which is kept in the Archive of El Pilar. According to Nougu\u00e9s, the chapel was rebuilt in 318. There is no written record, although there is a deeply rooted tradition, of her passing through Lleida, an event commemorated annually with the pilgrimage of the Lanterns of Saint James to the hermitage erected on the site where the saint is believed to have rested. The confused narratives of early Christianity tell that he was assigned the Spanish lands to preach the Gospel, and that in this endeavor he reached the mouth of the Ulla River. However, with little success and few disciples, he decided to return to Jerusalem. When he returned to Palestine in the year 44, he was tortured and beheaded by Herod Agrippa, and it was forbidden that he be buried. However, his disciples secretly carried his body during the night to the seashore, where they found a boat ready to sail but without a crew. There they placed the apostle's body in a marble tomb, which would later be carried by sea up the Ulla River to the Roman port of Iria Flavia, on the Galician coast, the capital of Roman Galicia. There they buried his body in a compostum, or cemetery, in the nearby forest of Liberum Donum, where they erected an altar over the marble sarcophagus. After the persecutions and prohibitions against visiting the site, its existence was forgotten until 813, when the hermit Pelayo observed lights and heard singing there. Based on this event, the place was named Campus Stellae, or Field of the Star, from which the current name of Compostela is derived. The hermit informed the Bishop of Iria Flavia, Theodomir, who, after clearing away the undergrowth, discovered the remains of the apostle, identified by the inscription on the tombstone. Upon being informed of the discovery, King Alfonso II went to the site and proclaimed the Apostle James the patron saint of the kingdom, building a sanctuary there that would later become the Cathedral. From this official declaration onward, miracles and apparitions continued to occur at the site, giving rise to numerous stories and legends intended to inspire courage in the warriors fighting against the advance of Islam and in the pilgrims who were gradually forging the Way of St. James. One of these legends tells how Ramiro I, at the Battle of Clavijo, defeated the troops of Abd al-Rahman II with the help of a rider on a white horse who fought alongside him and turned out to be the Apostle James. From then on, the myth arose that made him the patron saint of the Reconquista. From the 11th century onward, Santiago exerted a strong attraction on European Christianity and became a center of mass pilgrimage, drawing kings, princes, and saints. In the 12th and 13th centuries, the period in which the Codex Calixtinus, the first pilgrim's guide, was written, the city reached its peak. Pope Callixtus II granted the Church of Compostela the "Full Jubilee of the Holy Year," and Alexander III declared it perpetual, making Santiago de Compostela a Holy City alongside Jerusalem and Rome. The Holy Year is celebrated every time the Apostle's feast day, July 25, falls on a Sunday. Source: Wikipedia.<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Todos hemos o\u00eddo decir que el ap\u00f3stol Santiago es el patr\u00f3n de Espa\u00f1a, pero \u00bfsabemos realmente qui\u00e9n fue este personaje hist\u00f3rico? En este post pretendemos…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1831,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[116,118,84,119],"tags":[117,96,103],"class_list":["post-11116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apostol","category-historia","category-investigacion","category-religion","tag-apostol","tag-codice-calixtino","tag-historia"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t